SUPPLY CHAIN the industry costs which arise from high levels of taxation and charges on passengers , fuel and services , which are well above global levels . Fuel prices at some stations in Africa are over twice the world average which has an adverse impact on the competitiveness of African airlines . Higher costs translate into higher prices , which in turn stifles demand .

At several African airports passenger charges range from $ 40-80 with some stations charging as high as $ 157 , well above the world average . In contrast , Middle Eastern passenger charges

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