05 NOKIA Website : www . nokia . com Nokia began as a paper mill in 1865 , but has since diversified into several sectors such as cable , mobile devices , paper products , rubber roots and tires , and telecoms infrastructure equipment . Headquartered in Espoo , Finland , the company employs approximately 101,000 people and last year made $ 27.72bn in net sales . Nokia invested a total of $ 5.76bn in research and development in 2016 , which prompted Gartner to award it a composite score of 3.32 . It also gained a CRS score of 10 .