SupplyChain Magazine September 2021 | Page 14

TIMELINE THE EVOLUTION OF COLD CHAIN DISTRIBUTION

Walk through the history of cold chain distribution in the pharmaceutical industry

1940 1976 1980

The King of Cool
Redefining the global market , Frederick McKinley Jones in 1940 patented his first practical application of a transport refrigeration unit for trucks . The air-cooling device had a gasoline motor to handle the jolts of travel . Beyond commerce , when the US entered World War II in 1941 , the Defense Department selected a portable refrigeration unit designed by Fred Jones to refrigerate food , water , drugs , and blood plasma .
The World Health Organisation ( WHO )
In 1976 , the World Health Organisation ( WHO ) created a strategy to address critical issues in vaccine distribution , including temperature monitoring , lack of storage equipment , and staff training .
The Start of Monitoring solutions and Styrofoam Packaging
1980s Companies in the US and Switzerland began developing monitoring solutions for cold chain distribution that followed the shipments from manufacturers to countries .
1990-2000 Though inexpensive , the use of Styrofoam for temperature control in the pharmaceutical industry often resulted in temperature changes during shipping or storage , which resulted in delays due to damaged products .
14 September 2021